¿Quién salió con Citeris?

Volumnia Citeris (fl. siglo I a. C.) fue una antigua actriz y bailarina de mima romana. Se le conoce particularmente como la amante de varios romanos famosos.

Nacida posiblemente alrededor del 70 a. C.,​ Citeris fue originalmente una esclava de Publio Volumnio Eutrapelio​ pero luego se hizo liberta. Sobre los escenarios, normalmente era llamada Citeris. El nombre deriva de «Cythera», un apelativo de Afrodita.​ Citeris al parecer sostuvo relaciones con Bruto y con Marco Antonio (que puso fin a la relación hacia el 48 a. C. para casarse con Fulvia),​ que le atrajeron mucha atención en la antigua Roma de su tiempo. Se la menciona como acompañante de sus amantes aristocráticos​en ocasiones sociales en las que la presencia de una cortesana no era común y su presencia fue considerada escandalosa.

Al parecer, la esposa de Cicerón le pidió en algún punto a Citeris que la ayudara a reparar la relación entre su esposo y el amante de Citeris, Marco Antonio.

El rechazo de Citeris a Cayo Cornelio Galo supuestamente sirvió como tema de la décima Égloga de Virgilio.​ Galo se refiere a ella en su obra bajo el nombre de Lycoris,​ en alusión a uno de los nombres «Lycoreus»​ del dios griego de la música, Apolo.

Citeris una de las pocas cortesanas romanas influyentes y libres que es mencionada por sus contemporáneos, junto con Precia y Kelidon.​ Se desconoce el destino de Citeris y no es mencionada en fuente alguna después de cierto tiempo.​

Marcus Junius Brutus (; Latin: [ˈmaːrkʊs juːniʊs ˈbruːtʊs]; c. 85 BC – 23 October 42 BC) was a Roman politician, orator, and the most famous of the assassins of Julius Caesar. After being adopted by a relative, he used the name Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus, which was retained as his legal name. He is often referred to simply as Brutus.

Early in his political career, Brutus opposed Pompey, who was responsible for Brutus' father's death. He also was close to Caesar. However, Caesar's attempts to evade accountability in the law courts put him at greater odds with his opponents in the Roman elite and the senate. Brutus eventually came to oppose Caesar and sided with Pompey against Caesar's forces during the ensuing civil war (49–45 BC). Pompey was defeated at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48, after which Brutus surrendered to Caesar, who granted him amnesty.

With Caesar's increasingly monarchical and autocratic behaviour after the civil war, several senators who later called themselves liberatores (liberators) plotted to assassinate him. Brutus took a leading role in the assassination, which was carried out successfully on the Ides of March (15 March) of 44 BC. In a settlement between the liberatores and the Caesarians, an amnesty was granted to the assassins while Caesar's acts were upheld for two years.

Popular unrest forced Brutus and his brother-in-law, fellow assassin Gaius Cassius Longinus, to leave Rome in April 44. After a complex political realignment, Octavian – Caesar's adopted son – made himself consul and, with his colleague, passed a law retroactively making Brutus and the other conspirators murderers. This led to a second civil war, in which Mark Antony and Octavian fought the liberatores led by Brutus and Cassius. The Caesarians decisively defeated the outnumbered armies of Brutus and Cassius at the two battles at Philippi in October 42. After the defeat, Brutus took his own life.

His name has become a synonym and byword for "betrayal" or "traitor" in most languages of Europe. His condemnation for betrayal of Caesar, his friend and benefactor, is perhaps rivalled only by the name of Judas Iscariot, with whom he is portrayed in Dante Alighieri's Inferno. He also has been praised in various narratives, both ancient and modern, as a virtuous and committed republican who fought – however futilely – for freedom and against tyranny.

Marcus Antonius (14 January 83 BC – 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire.

Antony was a relative and supporter of Julius Caesar, and he served as one of his generals during the conquest of Gaul and Caesar's civil war. Antony was appointed administrator of Italy while Caesar eliminated political opponents in Greece, North Africa, and Spain. After Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, Antony joined forces with Lepidus, another of Caesar's generals, and Octavian, Caesar's great-nephew and adopted son, forming a three-man dictatorship known to historians as the Second Triumvirate. The Triumvirs defeated Caesar's killers, the Liberatores, at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC, and divided the government of the Republic among themselves. Antony was assigned Rome's eastern provinces, including the client kingdom of Egypt, then ruled by Cleopatra VII, and was given the command in Rome's war against Parthia.

Relations among the triumvirs were strained as the various members sought greater political power. Civil war between Antony and Octavian was averted in 40 BC, when Antony married Octavian's sister, Octavia. Despite this marriage, Antony carried on a love affair with Cleopatra, who bore him three children, further straining Antony's relations with Octavian. Lepidus was expelled from the association in 36 BC, and in 33 BC, disagreements between Antony and Octavian caused a split between the remaining Triumvirs. Their ongoing hostility erupted into civil war in 31 BC when Octavian induced the republic to declare war on Cleopatra and proclaim Antony a traitor. Later that year, Antony was defeated by Octavian's forces at the Battle of Actium. Antony and Cleopatra fled to Egypt where, having again been defeated at the Battle of Alexandria, they died by suicide.

With Antony dead, Octavian became the undisputed master of the Roman world. In 27 BC, Octavian was granted the honorific title of Augustus, marking the final stage in the transformation of the Republic into a monarchy, with himself as the first Roman emperor.

Cayo Cornelio Galo (en latín, Gaius Cornelius Gallus; Forum Livii, actual Forlì, 70-26 a. C.) fue un poeta, político y militar romano, primer prefecto de Egipto —cargo augústeo equivalente al de procónsul de Egipto— de la historia romana.